Evolution will have the character of a convergent evolution occurring in the animal kingdom. This phenomenon translates into the development of unrelated biological forms among species carrying out similar functions or for optimal operation in the same ecological niche. By transferring this idea to the academic theories of international relations, it may be believed that non-state actors in different subcategories will have to develop similar instruments for modelling international reality, by undertaking an effort to transform their own structure and functioning. However, this will not mean the emergence of a coherent category of a new quality of international capacity. Some hybrid experiments may fail, as can already be seen. However, when a significant number of actors of this type appear, they will not be included in a separate category of international actors, which – although significantly diversified internally – will gather actors that perform a similar function in the international environment.

TematykaPolityka

AutorzyAdrian Szumowski

WydawnictwoUMCS

Rok wydania2025

ISBN978-83-68741-09-4